Selenium is the most prominent tool in the field of automation testing, whereas Java, on the other hand, is the most heavily used programming language in today’s market. Both of these technologies together make a perfect combination for automation Testing. Through the medium of this article, I will give you a complete insight into why you should use Java for Selenium online training.
Below are the topics I will be covering in this article:
Introduction to Selenium
Selenium is the most popular open-source tool that is used widely for automating the tests which are carried out on web browsers. In other words, you can test web applications only with Selenium. You can neither test any desktop (software) application nor any mobile application using Selenium. To overcome this, many other software testing and mobile application testing tools have been introduced in the market such as IBM’s RFT, HP’s QPT, Appium and many more. But still, Selenium dominates the world of Automation Testing.
But the question that arises is, Why?
For starters, as I have already mentioned, Selenium is open-source, thus there is no licensing cost involved. This doesn’t seem much but actually it is a major advantage over other testing tools. Let’s now find out about the rest of the advantage in the next section of this Java for Selenium testing course online article.
Advantages of using Selenium
Few advantages are:
- Tests can be carried in any OS such as Windows, Mac or Linux
- Tests can be carried out using a wide range of browsers such as Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari or Opera
- It can be integrated with various tools such as TestNG & JUnit for test cases management and report generation
- For continuous testing, it can be integrated with Maven, Jenkins & Docker to achieve Continuous Testing
- Wide range of programming languages are used to write the test cases such as Java, Python, C#, PHP, Ruby, Perl & .Net. But among all these languages Java is most popularly used.
But why Java? In the next section of this Java for Selenium article, I will give you the reasons for Java being the most popular language for automation.
Why use Java for Selenium?
Java is the most popularly used programming language for Selenium across the world. The below graph shows the usage of Java over other programming languages in India and US.
Below I have listed down the various reasons for using Java for Selenium:
- Since Java is a widely used language in the IT industry, there is a huge community supporting it along with the massive repository of references.
- Nearly 77% of Selenium Testers are using Java which makes knowledge sharing very easy and quick.
- Java is around since ages because of which, there is an abundance of readily available frameworks, plugins, APIs and libraries that supports Java for test automation.
- Java makes use of JVM which makes it a platform-independent language. In other words, you can use it in any Operating environment where JVM is installed.
- As Java is statically typed, the Java IDEs provide a lot of feedback on errors that you might face while coding.
I hope this gives you enough reasons to understand the popularity behind the use of Java for Selenium.
Now the question arises, how much you should know in Java to use it with Selenium. In the next section of this article, I will draw an abstract roadmap for you that will help you in getting started.
What to learn in Java for Selenium?
In order to use Java for Selenium, you need to have a brief knowledge of the Java basics, starting off with:
Once you are through all these concepts, you can get your feet wet with the coding part. In the next section of this article, I will show you a simple code to implement Java for Selenium training.
Demo to implement Java for Selenium
Before you start with the coding part, first you need to ensure that you have a proper environment setup. In case you don’t, you can refer to the Selenium Installation article for step by step guidance.
Now that you are ready with the environment and dependencies, let’s now get started with the project. Here, I am using a simple project, where I will be making use of GeckoDriver. According to my test case, once I execute my program, the GeckoDriver will launch Mozilla Firefox and navigate to http://twitter.com and sign up into it using the provided credentials.
Since you are already ready with the JARs and other dependencies, all you need to do is type in the below-given code in a class file and execute it.
package edureka.selenium;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
//Importing Selenium WebDrivers
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
public class FirstSeleniumScript {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
//Setting system properties for GeckoDriver
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:geckodriver-v0.23.0-win64geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
//Specifying the timeouts
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//Setting the website URL
driver.get("<a href="https://twitter.com/">https://twitter.com/</a>");
//Link text locator to hit the 'Sign Up' button
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign up")).click();
//XPath locator to enter values in the 'name' field
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='name']")).sendKeys("Edureka");
driver.findElement(By.name("phone_number")).sendKeys("9876543210");
Thread.sleep(1000);
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[contains(text(),'Next')]")).click();
}
}
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Using Gherkin can actually help in testing as it serves as a good document for all the features and can be written by anyone even with almost zero coding knowledge for more selenium training.Clients say, “Cucumber benefits us to understand the application code as it uses Gherkin language which is in Plain Text.”Being written in Gherkin, it acts as a bridge between various layers, PMs — Dev — Testers — Clients.
This helps team members even with no technical know-how to understand what is going on in the project that closes the gap between business people and technical peopleIn addition to low technicality and easier to understand approach, main advantage of BDD is that it transpires from TDD ie.
Test Driven Development, which supports automated testing with multiple test data with minimum intervention in code.Cucumber — A BDD Framework Tool: BDD is implemented with the help of Cucumber framework which helps in automating the cases in a well formatted and readable form.Cucumber feature files: These files written in Gherkin language ending with .feature extension are an integral part of Cucumber and are used for application specifications.Getting Started With Gherkin For Selenium TestingNow that you know what BDD is let’s get started with Gherkin for Selenium Testing.Gherkin is a Business Readable, Domain Specific Language which entitles its users to write effectivetests in a well documented way that requires least reasoning and involved logic details.Let us understand this with a Gherkin example.“Buyers should not be able to fill invalid credit card details.”Versus“On the payment page, If a buyer enters a credit card number, that is not 16 digits of length, then when they try to proceed, it should give an error message pop up stating that the entered number is not correct.”The first Gherkin example is unclear and vague in comparison to the second one.
Vagueness leads to errors and makes it harder for the tester to understand the requirement and implement test cases.Gherkin Syntax For Selenium TestingFile structure in Gherkin is defined by the way different lines of code are indented in a feature file.
Almost all lines in Gherkin for Selenium Testing starts with a special keyword and line endings terminate statements which are called as steps.A Gherkin feature file is a combination of features, scenarios and steps which generally looks like this selenium online training:Feature: Some terse yet descriptive text of what is desiredBackground:Some common prerequisite setup applicable to all situationsScenario: Some determinable business situationGiven some preconditionAnd some other preconditionWhen some action by the actorAnd some other actionAnd yet another actionThen some testable outcome is achievedAnd something else we can check happens tooScenario: A different situationWhen executing the feature, the trailing portion of each step (after keywords like Given, And, When, etc) is matched to a regular expression generally called as glue code and can be written in any language.
It is like an untitled optional scenarioBackground : Given a customer named JohnWhen clicks on buy now buttonThen he should be redirected to payment pageScenarioScenario makes the core of Gherkin structure.
However, it’s often a time-consuming and tedious task in the QA process.Thankfully, you can improve efficiency, streamline workflows, reduce costs, and shorten the development cycle by automating regression testing.How should you go about selecting the right regression test automation tool?What are some available options in the market?What are the best practices that’d help you get the most out of these platforms?Criteria for Selecting a Regression Testing Automation ToolAfter you have decided that the duration and scope of a project are worth the upfront effort needed to set up automation, look for key features in an automation tool that meet the project requirements.When evaluating an automation tool, you should consider:The ability to develop and maintain scripts quickly and easilyEase of test execution by non-technical usersContinuous Integration for TFS DevOps integration with builds and deploymentsCross-browser and cross-platform (mobile, desktop, web) testing in multiple environmentsKeyword- and data-driven testingReliability, maintainability, and scalabilityThe ability to manage the complete QA lifecycle, from test generation to detailed reportingTechnical support, including customer service, knowledge base, and communityThe Most Popular Regression Testing Automation Tool for Web ApplicationHere are some popular regression testing automation tools, each with its unique features that meet the needs of different projects and budgets:CloudQATruRT’s intuitive interface and the codeless test automation platform is easy to use and offers a variety of features such as integrations, remote test executions, cross-browser testing, data-driven testing, advanced notifications, and comprehensive reporting to increase the productivity of your QA team.Selenium WebDriverThis open-source testing tool integrates with Cucumber/SpecFlow and allows you to write test cases in a variety of programming languages, including C#, Java, Ruby, and Python.
It also offers a lot of training and support resources.Selenium IDERecord test cases with this Firefox plugin, which is ideal for testing simple web applications since its functionality is rather limited.
For instance, it doesn’t support testing for flash video games, music, UI/UX tests, or file uploads.RanorexAn all-in-one solution for test automation of desktop, web, and mobile apps.
Its codeless click-and-go interface makes it easy for beginners and non-technical users to conduct regression testing while its functionalities are powerful enough for automation experts with a full IDE.Sahi ProThis tester-focused automation tool is best suited for testing large web applications.
It allows you to conduct testing quickly while minimizing maintenance effort.
The smart accessor mechanism is designed to ensure that a test script won’t fail even if there are slight changes in the UI.TestCompleteThis platform enables the execution of parallel regression tests using automated builds without any manual intervention.
Here are The Best Selenium Classes in Pune where Selenium is one of the popular tools used to automate the testing of web applications.
In this Course (Selenium + Java) you will learn about Selenium 3.0 and its various components such as Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium GRID and core JAVA.
Also, You can learn to set up your environment so that you are ready to start using Selenium for testing your web applications.
Browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, and IE and many more are used to test the web applications.
It is able to work with different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, IE, Opera, etc.
Selenium is able to interact with all the different elements (functionality) on a webpage.
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