For many decades, scientists have been able to quantify the order of amino acids accurately, but accurately estimating the form of a protein has always been a challenging task.If we can decode the sequence of amino acids in a protein structure and determine the form of a protein accurately, it will provide many functions.Accurate assessment of protein structure is beneficial in understanding the biological evolution of a particular protein and also helps to understand what kind of diseases it causes and what protection it can provide against other diseases.In particular, an accurate assessment of the structure of a protein is crucial to understanding the function of proteins and cells and how they can function and cause disease, and this understanding is also beneficial for the development of treatment and vaccines.Now, if you look at SARS-CoV-2, it is the spike protein structure of the virus that attaches to the AS2 receptor in our cells, causing infection.
We were able to develop this understanding very quickly, mainly due to the progress we have made regarding our performance and assessment of protein structures.First DiscoverySee, this field began to develop many decades ago, and in 1972, Christian B. Unfinsen, a scientist, predicted that by accurately calculating the order of amino acids, we could reduce protein formation.
So this discovery won him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and it laid the foundation for the analysis and evaluation of protein structures.X-ray crystallographyAbout 60 years ago, a scientist named Max Perutz began to evaluate protein structures using experiments.
He used X-ray crystallography to determine the exact form of myoglobin and haemoglobin, and this discovery helped us to understand the proper function of haemoglobin in the blood, which transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and cells of the lungs.
This understanding of the structure of myoglobin and haemoglobin has helped us to understand how a change in a single amino acid can lead to diseases such as sickle cell anaemia.Genome sequencingToday, decoding the sequence of amino acids and completing the line more accurately is even more advanced, thanks to advances in the genetic series.
Because at the end of the day, the protein structures in the amino acids are essentially a part of the gene and the rapid advances we have made in the gene sequence have helped us to calculate the order of the amino acids easily.
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