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An Introduction To Motor Capacitors

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An Introduction To Motor Capacitors

Capacitor

A capacitor is a component of electronic equipment that has the property of storing electrical energy in an electrical field. It consists of two terminals and is a passive component. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.

 

Motor Capacitors

 

A motor capacitor is an electrical capacitor that tends to alter the current to one of the windings of a single-phase AC motor to create a magnetic field, which can rotate. Generally, motor capacitors are of two types- 

Run Capacitors

Start Capacitors

 

Applications of Motor Capacitors- Air conditioners, jacuzzi spa pumps, powered gates, heat-furnaces, or large fans.

 

Start Capacitors

Start capacitors are used to increase motor starting torque, through which the motor can be cycled on and off instantly. A start capacitor stays for a long time in a circuit and brings the motor up to a predetermined speed, which is 75% of its full speed. Then, it is removed from the circuit through a centrifugal switch.

 

After this, a run capacitor is required for a motor to work more efficiently.

Start capacitors work on ratings above 70 micro-F. Start capacitors, which work on ratings above 20 micro-F, are said to be non-polarized aluminium electrolytic capacitors. They consist of non-solid electrolytes, so; they are applicable only for short motor starting times.

 

The centrifugal switch is the most important component. The motor will not work properly if the switch is damaged or broken. If the centrifugal switch is always on, the motor will not start, and the capacitor is not part of the circuit. If the centrifugal switch is always off, the motor windings will burn out, and the capacitor will be inside the circuit.

 

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