Linux: An Introduction
Linux, an open-source OS, is coded in various computer languages, including C and assembly. Since the mid-1990s, Linux has been powering everything from smartphones and cars to desktop computers, refrigerators, and even thermostats, thanks to its reputation for reliability and security. Linux is the most widely used OS right now, and any device needs an OS to function properly.
Different Components of Linux
There are fundamental Linux components that must be understood before diving into the Linus command set. Here is a list of them:
● Bootloader: The software called "Bootloader" is what gets the computer up and running. In the storage device's boot sector, you'll find the Bootloader, whose job it is to find the operating system and launch it.
● Kernel: A Linux system's kernel is its central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), and software interface (UI).
● Init System: The Init system is a component that manages daemons and assists with the initialization of user space. Additionally, once the initial boot is complete and the bootloader has been redeemed, the boot process will be executed by this system.
● Daemons: Daemons are not directly controlled by the user and manage the processes in the background, providing services such as sound, printing, etc.
● Graphical Server: The Linux operating system's Graphical Server subsystem renders on-screen images.
● Desktop Environment: Linux's user interface is called a Desktop Environment. The desktop environment enhances a wide variety of default functions, including a web browser, built-in games, configuration settings, and more. There are many desktop environments available to users, including GNOME, Cinnamon, Mate, Pantheon, Enlightenment, etc.
● Applications: Linux, like Ubuntu, has a centralized repository of high-quality apps that can be installed instantly. It's also very user-friendly, with a variety of options for customization and navigation that are reminiscent of those found in app stores.
What is the Linux Command Line?
The Linux command line allows the user to enter text and have the system carry out specific instructions. When the user types a command into the OS, it appears on the screen and is processed immediately.
HOW TO USE THE COMMAND LINE?
First, press the "CTRL" key plus "ALT" and "T" keys simultaneously to bring up the Linux command line and a command tool/command prompt. Using a program like PuTTY to log in to Linux will automatically prepare the command line. When you open the command line, you may get a prompt similar to (user@system:$), which indicates that the system is prepared to carry out your orders.
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IMPORTANT LINUX COMMANDS
You can accomplish everything in Linux with the right commands, and they all take place on the Linux terminal (where they are case-sensitive). By using CTRL+ALT+T, you can bring up the Linux terminal and run a command by pressing the ENTER key. As you familiarize yourself with the Linux command line, here are a few essential commands to remember:
LINUX DIRECTORY COMMANDS
● PWD command: The current directory's location can be viewed using this method. Syntax: PWD
● mkdir command: To make a new directory underneath an existing one. Syntax: mkdir <directory name>
LINUX FILE COMMANDS
● touch command: Used for making a bunch of new, empty files. Syntax: touch <file name> and touch <file 1> <file 2>….<file n>
● cat command: Used for many file-related tasks, such as creating, viewing, copying, etc. Syntax: cat [OPTION]…[FILE]… etc. Press the “CTRL+D” keys together to save the file.
LINUX FILE CONTENT COMMANDS
● head command: Utilized to show the first ten lines of a file's content to the user. Syntax: head <file name>
● tac command: In contrast to the cat command, this one displays the contents of the file in reverse order, starting at the end. Syntax: tac <file name>
LINUX USER COMMANDS
● su command: Enables users to delegate administrative duties under Linux. Syntax: su <username>
● id command: For showing the ID of the group or the User ID. Syntax: id
LINUX FILTER COMMANDS
● The sed command: Also known as the stream editor, it facilitates the modification of files and the viewing of their modified content without saving any of the data to disk. Syntax: command | sed’s / <oldWord> / <newWord> /’
● tr command: With the tr command, you may translate any text in a file.Syntax: command | tr <’old’> <’new’>
LINUX UTILITY COMMANDS
● The find command: A method for locating certain files in a directory. Directory names in use at the moment can be located using the dot character (. ), while their parent directories can be located using the slash (/) sign. Syntax: find. -name “*pdf”
● The date command: Used to find dates, time zones, etc. Syntax: date
LINUX NETWORKING COMMANDS
● IP command: Useful for configuring network interfaces and assigning IP addresses. Syntax: IP or an IP address
● Mail command: Utilized for sending emails via the command line.Syntax: mail -s “Subject” <recipient address>
Final Words
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Now, there are a bundle of cloud providers out there, one of the Microsoft Azure.Microsoft Azure is a cloud platform produced by Microsoft which developers and IT professionals use to make deploy and manage applications through their global network of data centers.Azure Management Portal:Let us observe how the management portal for Azure looks similar to:These resources can generally be divided into the follow category:ComputeIt is use to process data on the cloud by making use of great processors which serve many instances at a time.Storage ServicesThe storage as the name suggest is use to store data in the cloud with the capability to scale as and when necessary.
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